Malayalam grammar
Malayalam numbers 1–10
The Malayalam numerals 1 through 10.
1
ഒന്ന്
onn
—
2
രണ്ട്
raṇṭ
—
3
മൂന്ന്
mūnn
—
4
നാല്
nāl
—
5
അഞ്ച്
añch
—
6
ആറ്
āṟ
—
7
ഏഴ്
ēḻ
—
8
എട്ട്
eṭṭ
—
9
ഒൻപത്
onpat
—
10
പത്ത്
patt
—
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More Malayalam grammar lessons
Malayalam personal pronouns
Malayalam pronouns distinguish formality and — like Tamil — an inclusive vs exclusive "we". Respectful third-person forms matter a lot socially.
Malayalam present tense verbs
Malayalam is unusual among Dravidian languages: verbs do NOT change for person, number or gender. The present tense adds -ഉന്നു (-unnu) to the stem, and the same form works for every subject. Shown here for ചെയ്യുക (cheyyuka, "to do").
Malayalam negation with ഇല്ല and അല്ല
Malayalam has two everyday negators: ഇല്ല (illa) denies existence or an action, while അല്ല (alla) denies identity — "is not (a) X".
Malayalam case suffixes
Malayalam is agglutinative — case endings attach directly to the noun rather than standing as separate words.
Malayalam question words & yes/no questions
Malayalam wh-questions use a fixed set of question words; yes/no questions add -ഓ (-ō) to the end of the verb or word being questioned.
Malayalam sentence structure — building a basic sentence
Malayalam follows Subject-Object-Verb (SOV) order. Adjectives come before the noun, and case suffixes attach after it.