Gujarati grammar
Gujarati question words
Gujarati wh-questions use a fixed set of question words; શું (śuṁ) placed at the start of a sentence can also mark a plain yes/no question.
what
શું
śuṁ
Also marks a yes/no question when placed at the start of a sentence.
where
ક્યાં
kyāṁ
—
when
ક્યારે
kyārē
—
who
કોણ
koṇ
—
why
કેમ / શા માટે
kem / śā māṭē
—
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More Gujarati grammar lessons
Gujarati personal pronouns
Gujarati distinguishes informal તું from polite/plural તમે, and — like Marathi — splits "we" into inclusive and exclusive forms. Gujarati third-person pronouns stay the same across genders; gender instead shows up in the verb and adjective endings around them.
Gujarati present tense verbs
Gujarati present tense combines a verb-stem ending with a form of છું/છે/છો (chuṁ/chē/chō, "am/is/are"). Conjugated here for કરવું (karvuṁ, "to do").
Gujarati negation — નથી vs. નહીં
Gujarati has two negators: નથી (nathī), a fused negative form of "to be" used for identity, existence and possession, and નહીં (nahīṁ), used to negate other verbs and actions.
Gujarati postpositions
Gujarati attaches short postpositions to the noun, and the possessive postposition changes form to agree with the noun's gender.
Gujarati sentence structure — building a basic sentence
Gujarati follows Subject-Object-Verb (SOV) order. Adjectives come before the noun, and postpositions come after it.
Gujarati numbers 1–10
The Gujarati numerals 1 through 10.